a medical procedure involving an incision with instruments; performed to repair damage or arrest disease in a living body

生体に損傷を修復したり病気を止めたりするために器具を用いて切開を行う医療処置

reconstructive surgery of the anus or rectum

肛門や直腸の再建手術

plastic surgery of the nerves

神経の形成外科

reconstructive surgery of the auricle of the external ear

外耳の耳介の再建手術

plastic surgery to remove wrinkles and other signs of aging from your face; an incision is made near the hair line and skin is pulled back and excess tissue is excised

顔のしわや老化のサインを取り除くための整形手術；髪の生え際に切開を入れ、皮膚を引っ張り余分な組織を切除する

a surgical procedure in which part or all of a damaged or diseased cornea is replaced by healthy corneal tissue from a donor

角膜が損傷または疾患を持った場合に、健康な角膜組織で置き換える外科的処置